江苏省泰州市第二中学高三英语复习学案：虚拟语气语法剖析

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约1110字。

虚拟语气语法剖析
　　U3 Grammar and usage ---- Unreal conditionals
　　Teaching aims:
　　After learning this part, the students will be able to
　　1. use unreal conditionals of the present, past or future time;
　　2. improve reading abilities and the ability of using unreal conditionals.
　　Teaching procedures:
　　Step 1: Lead-in
　　1．Brainstorming
　　2. if 引导的条件句:
　　a. 真实条件句: 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。
　　条件从句 主   句
　　一般现在时 will/shall+动词原形
　　b. 虚拟条件句: 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的，采用虚拟语气。
　　Step 2: Presentations
　　I: Basic structures:
　　◎If I were one of them, I would not cheat in the exam.
　　◎If I had the chance, I might want to be a business consultant.
　　Conclusion 1:
　　以上例句谈论的都是与           事实相反的情况。
　　If + 主语 +             , 主语 +                                       
　　◎If I had been on the spot(在现场), I would have sent her to the hospital.
　　◎If I had worked harder at senior high, I would have succeeded in going to Qinghua University.
　　Conclusion 2:
　　以上例句谈论的都是与        事实相反的情况。
　　If + 主语 +             , 主语 +                                       
　　◎If I won/should /were to win the lottery (彩票) one day, I would/could/might/should help some poor people.
　　Conclusion 3:
　　以上例句谈论的都是与        事实相反的情况。
　　If + 主语 +                        , 主语 +                                       
　　Summary:
　　虚拟语气主从句的谓语形式:
　　条件从句 主 句
　　与现在事实相反的假设
　　与过去事实相反的假设
　　与将来事实相反的假设
　　当堂巩固——Practice:
　　1. I don’t have a cellphone. If I __ one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others.
　　A. has              B. have been            C. had                 D. have
　　2. If the earthquake had happened at night, there _______ many more deaths.
　　A. were              B. would have been      C. had been         D. would be
　　3. If we were to be 200 years old, we ________ everything.
　　A. will change      B. can change          C. could change      D. shall change
　　4. You didn’t let me drive. If we _______ in turn,  you _______ so tired.
　　A. drove; didn’t get                        B. drove; wouldn’t get
　　C. were driving; wouldn’t get             D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
　　5. If I _____ in the 22nd century, I ______ my vacation in a very different way.
　　A. should live; would spend           B. will live; should spend
　　C. were living; should have spent      D. will be living; would have spent
　　II. Things need to to be noted about unreal conditionals:
　　Point 1: 省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装:
　　省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装, 把were , had , should提到句首
　　◎If you were the manager here, what would you do?
　　◎If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately. 
　　◎If I had had time, I would have run around the lake again.
　　◎If there should not be rain tomorrow, what should we do?
　　Point 2: 错综时间条件句（又称混合条件句）:
　　假设条件从句与主句的谓语动词发生的时间不一致, 叫做错综时间条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词的形式要依照各自假设的时间而定。
　　● If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
　　● If you had followed the teacher’s advice,  you wouldn’t be in the hospital now.
　　1. If I had studied English last year, I ____ able to speak it now.
　　A. would have been      B. should be           C. had been            D. could be
　　2. If you ____ your medicine yesterday, you would be well now.
　　A. took             B. would take       C. had taken           D. would have taken
　　3. --- Is he feeling any better?
　　--- No, if he had followed the doctor’s advice.  He ____ quite all right now.
　　A. will have been     B. would have been          C. w